This note for 1000 cruzeiros was the first in a new series of notes issued by Banco Central do Brasil (Central Bank of Brazil) between 1978 and 1985. If this note is rotated through 180º, it still appears to be up the same way! (The only difference is the signatories on the back of the note.)
The front of the note features the Barao do Rio Branco (Baron of Rio Branco) who was the Foreign Minister of Brazil from 1902 until his death in 1912. He negotiated over 30 treaties with neighbouring countries and was largely responsible for the current borders of Brazil.
The back of the note features a surveying instrument and a contour map.
The back of this note has the signatures of Ernane Galvêas (President, National Monetary Authority) and Carlos P Langoni (President, Central Bank of Brazil).